Layout & CSS Core A2 · Formal specification Platform: Web

CSS Selector

A CSS selector is a pattern that finds elements on a page so styles can be applied to them.

See how it works
You might call it selector patternmatching selector

See how it works

Original worked exampleCSS Selector

Another example

A design system selects `[data-state='open']` on a disclosure instead of `.blue-chevron`. A visual redesign does not break it. Where supported, `:has(> input:invalid)` styles a field group with an invalid input. Error text from the server remains the working fallback.

Main parts

  1. 01Compound selectors
  2. 02Combinators
  3. 03Matched subject

Use it when

Choose stable hooks that describe meaning. Keep specificity as low as useful and avoid depending on an exact DOM depth.

Do not use it when

Avoid selectors named after appearance, generated markup, or long child chains. They make later changes risky.

Name used in code

type, class, ID, attribute, combinator, pseudo-class, and pseudo-element selectors

Before you ship

Check content order, shared design values, component consistency, contrast, zoom, and layout changes by screen size. Verify every theme, language, and state. If there is motion, offer an equal reduced-motion experience.

Request you can copy

Outcome: Use or define CSS Selector to make the visual experience clear and easy to use. User context: A design system selects `[data-state='open']` on a disclosure instead of `.blue-chevron`. A visual redesign does not break it. Where supported, `:has(> input:invalid)` styles a field group with an invalid input. Error text from the server remains the working fallback. Design concept to apply: CSS Selector. Why it fits: Choose stable hooks that describe meaning. Keep specificity as low as useful and avoid depending on an exact DOM depth. Do not use it when: Avoid selectors named after appearance, generated markup, or long child chains. They make later changes risky. Design requirements: Set the content order, shared design values, and reusable components. Define how the layout changes by screen size and state. Keep useful design choices separate from decoration. Inclusion and resilience: Check contrast, zoom, languages, themes, and reduced motion when needed. Do not use color or effects as the only way to show meaning. Acceptance criteria: The design stays clear on phones and desktops, at zoom, in every theme, and in all supported languages. Interactive states stay clear and consistent. Evidence and limits (evidence boundary): A formal document may still be a draft, release candidate, or final version. Check its status and browser or platform support. Unknowns to confirm: Brand limits, amount of content, supported themes and languages, target devices, and design-system rules.

Check this request

Review the current use of CSS Selector. Definition: A CSS selector is a pattern that finds elements on a page so styles can be applied to them. Release checks: Check content order, shared design values, component consistency, contrast, zoom, and layout changes by screen size. Verify every theme, language, and state. If there is motion, offer an equal reduced-motion experience. Before changing code, report the evidence you found, gaps, severity, and the smallest safe fix.

A2
How official is this term?

Formal specification

A published, versioned formal specification defines this term for the listed technical scope.

A formal document may still be a draft, release candidate, or final version. Check its status and browser or platform support.

Scope
CSS selector matching
Document status
draft
Checked on
2026-07-30

Evidence sources & scope

Authority source + Term reference · W3C CSS Working Group · draft Selectors Level 4 — Selector structure and matching Selector structure and matching Scope: CSS selectors, specificity, and pseudo-classes; direct scope: Selector structure and matching Role here: Direct term reference Source covers: canonical name, definition, semantics, implementation Authority source · W3C CSS Working Group · draft Selectors Level 4 Scope: CSS selectors, specificity, and pseudo-classes Role here: Authority within stated scope Source covers: canonical name, definition, semantics, implementation

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